| Notes |
- In 1003 a band of Normans on pilgrimage arrived in southern Italy, and were drawn into helping defend a Saracen raid on Salerno. In gratitude the Lombard Duke of Salerno took the Normans into his service. Tancred de Hauteville is thought to have been one of these pilgrims. His line in the person of Robert Guiscard founded a Norman Viking kingdom, and became Count of Calabria and Apulia. His line descends to the Hohenstauffen and Hapsburgs. One of his illustrious descendants was George Washington, 1st President of the U.S.A.
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